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Fort Heldsberg
Fort Heldsberg was built 1938–1940 near St. Margrethen in Switzerland, overlooking the Rhine, which forms the Swiss-Austrian border at that location, just south of Lake Constance. The fort was part of the Swiss Border Line defenses, built between 1938 and 1941.
==Concept==
In March 1938, Austria was annexed by Germany under the ''Anschluss'', creating a new, potentially hostile section of frontier. The fort at Heldsberg was planned to stop or delay an attack across the nearby Rhine, as well as providing artillery coverage on the southern end of Lake Constance.
The German plan for a Swiss invasion, Operation Tannenbaum, noted the presence of the Heldsberg position and concluded:
"A very desirable approach is to attack from the east at Rheineck, the shortest way to the enemy flank, but the mountainous terrain and the strong fortifications at Rheineck (Heldsberg) promise no success."〔
However, the Border Line fortifications shared common faults, including less-than-thorough attention to details of armor and protection, and a forward-facing position that left the positions vulnerable to direct return fire. By comparison with the Maginot Line, the positions were less well-protected and lacked the ability to fire laterally along the line of attack from a sheltered location.〔Kauffmann, pp. 157-158〕 The Border Line forts did not deploy a defense in depth.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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